Microsoft Files (Payload Execution)

Executing code within Microsoft Office files is a common technique employed by attackers. This method relies on the presence of macros in file types supported by Microsoft Office, such as .DOCM or .XLSM. It's important to note that when such files are opened, Microsoft Office applications typically raise a security warning due to the potential risks associated with macros.

One prevalent strategy utilized by attackers involves delivering manipulated Microsoft Office files through compromised websites. These manipulated files are designed to execute malicious code when accessed. For instance, consider a scenario where the attacker aims to compromise a healthcare institution. They may choose a well-regarded medical research portal, "HealthcareInsights.org" (https://healthcareinsights.org/), as their attack vector.

In this context, the attacker infiltrates the compromised website and inserts specially crafted Microsoft Office files, designed to exploit vulnerabilities in Office applications. These files possess macro support and may have extensions like .DOCM or .XLSM. When a user from the targeted healthcare institution accesses these files, a security warning similar to the example below is triggered:

Security Warning: Macros have been disabled. [Enable Macros]

While many users may initially be cautious about enabling macros in Office documents, the fact that these files are delivered through a trusted and reputable website like HealthcareInsights.org may lull them into a false sense of security. Attackers are often adept at mitigating user concerns, further increasing the likelihood of successful exploitation.